Despite its brevity, this paper is many years in the making. It is part of an attempt to address difficult questions: what is evil, and where does it come from? In some ways it is a follow-up to and clarification of a paper I wrote ages about on Realpolitik, and in other ways, a response to the rather puerile understanding that much of modern society has about Biblical texts. In our current world, theology and philosophy are artificially separated, but this has not always been the case, and this was an attempt to begin to break that barrier.

I gave this paper to the Wednesday Group on 18th February 2026, and it appeared in Issue 212 of The Wednesday.